Tensile Testing

According to EN ISO 13934-1, 50mm wide strip specimens (in the present application, these are from airbag fabric) are tested in normal climate conditions and in the wet condition, once in the warp direction and once in the weft direction. Because of the surface properties of the fabric tested here, the use of pneumatic specimen grips is preferred. In the standard mentioned, the determination of the maximum tensile force and the maximum tensile force at strain are required. The elongation is measured by means of the crosshead displacement.
The test procedure described here applies principally to woven cloth but can also be applied to other fabrics. Usually it cannot be applied to elastic wovens, geo-textiles, non-wovens, layered fabrics, fiberglass fabrics, and textile fabrics made of carbon fibers or polyolefin threads.
Sample removal is done either according to method laid down in the material specification for the textile fabric or as agreed between the parties. The specimens must not have any folds, creases, selvages or zones that are not representative of the fabric.

Tear Resistance

In the case of tear resistance test, special specimens cut to measure are used. According to EN ISO 9073-4, the test is performed on trapezoidal specimens. In this connection, it must be ensured that very wide jaws are used. For testing pursuant to EN ISO 13937-2, the document describes a single tear method known as trouser test using a specimen cut to form trouser shaped legs. The tear force measured is the force required to propagate a previously started tear when the force is applied parallel to the cut and the fabric tears in the direction of applied force. If the tear does not proceed along the direction of the cut the fabric shall be described as untearable in that direction by this test.

Seam Slippage Resistance

Seam slippage resistance is an important quality characteristic in the processing of textile fabrics.
In the present example, the P12 requirement developed by Marks and Spencer for testing seam slippage in material used in apparel underlies the test. This standard defines the determination of the resistance of the thread systems in a clothing fabric upon a shift in the seam zone caused by the stitching threads. The 75mm wide textile specimens are stretched in a screw specimen grip and tested, with the force at a specific seam opening being measured. Then the force-travel curves of a sewn and of an unsewn reference measurement specimen of the same material are compared.

Bursting Strength

The bursting strength is the resistance that a circular, stretched specimen opposes to a single-sided, uniformly distributed, increasing pressure load to the point of bursting.
The determination of this characteristic is done in accordance with ISO 3303 Method A on plastics- or rubber-coated fabrics using a tensile testing machine with ring clamping and steel ball.

Needle Tearing Out Resistance

This test is used for the determination of the highest force that occurs when removing a needle from a specimen vertical to the puncture direction. The test procedure is employed for determining the resistance of seams of non-wovens, felts, and similar non-woven textile fabrics to removal of the needle. A special clamping device that uses a 1mm thick stainless steel needle with a conical tip is required for the test.
The removal of the specimen is done as per DIN 54301 diagonally and longitudinally to the direction of production.